Sifat mekanikal
Brass has different mechanical properties due to different zinc content. Fig. 7 is a graph showing the change of mechanical properties of brass with different zinc content. For brass, σb and δ increase with the increase of zinc content. For ( plus ) brass, the strength at room temperature increases continuously before the zinc content increases to about 45 percent . If the zinc content is further increased, the R phase with greater brittleness (solid solution based on Cu5Zn8 compound) appears in the alloy structure, and the strength decreases sharply. The room temperature plasticity of ( plus ) brass always decreases with the increase of zinc content. Therefore, the copper-zinc alloy containing more than 45 percent zinc has no practical value.
Loyang biasa digunakan secara meluas, seperti tali pinggang tangki air, bekalan air dan paip saliran, pingat, paip beralun, paip serpentin, paip pemeluwap, selongsong shell, pelbagai produk tebuk kompleks, perkakasan dan sebagainya. Dengan peningkatan kandungan zink daripada H63 kepada H59, ia boleh menahan pemprosesan panas dengan baik, dan kebanyakannya digunakan dalam pelbagai bahagian jentera dan peralatan elektrik, bahagian pengecap dan alat muzik.
Untuk meningkatkan rintangan kakisan, kekuatan, kekerasan dan kebolehmesinan loyang, sejumlah kecil unsur seperti timah, aluminium, mangan, besi, silikon, nikel, plumbum, dll. (umumnya 1 peratus 2 peratus , beberapa sehingga 3 peratus 4 peratus , dan beberapa sehingga 5 peratus ) ditambah kepada kuprum-aloi zink untuk membentuk aloi ternari, kuaternari atau pun kuinari, yang kompleks
Pekali setara zink
The microstructure of complex brass can be calculated according to the "zinc equivalent coefficient" of elements added in brass. Because a small amount of other alloying elements are added to Cu-Zn alloy, the /( plus ) phase region in Cu-Zn state diagram usually moves to the left or right. Therefore, the microstructure of special brass is usually equivalent to that of ordinary brass with increased or decreased zinc content. For example, the microstructure of Cu-Zn alloy with 1 percent silicon is equivalent to the alloy structure with 10 percent zinc added in Cu-Zn alloy. So the "zinc equivalent" of silicon is 10. The "zinc equivalent coefficient" of silicon is the largest, which makes the /( plus ) phase boundary in Cu-Zn system significantly move to the copper side, that is, the phase region is strongly reduced. The "zinc equivalent coefficient" of nickel is negative, that is, the phase region is enlarged.
-Fasa dan -fasa dalam loyang khas ialah penyelesaian pepejal berbilang-elemen yang kompleks, yang mempunyai kesan pengukuhan yang hebat, manakala fasa -dan - dalam loyang biasa ialah larutan pepejal Cu-Zn, yang mempunyai kesan pengukuhan yang rendah. Walaupun kesetaraan zink adalah setara, sifat larutan pepejal berbilang komponen dan larutan pepejal binari ringkas adalah berbeza. Oleh itu, sejumlah kecil pengukuhan berbilang-elemen ialah cara untuk menambah baik sifat aloi.
